Optical Mouse Tested To Comply With Fcc Standards Driver

Posted on 16-09-2021 by admin

Background

Interference that may cause undesired operation. Tested to comply with FCC standards. For home and office use. Model numbers: 1027, Wireless Optical Comfort Keyboard 1.0; 1008, Wireless Optical Mouse 2.0; and 1029, Wireless Optical Desktop Receiver 3.0. FCC IDs: C3K1027 and C3K1008. Agency and Regulatory Approvals. FCC Declaration of. The test facility, measurement instrumentation and measurement methods used for verifying the compliance of ITE or digital apparatus with ICES-003 shall comply either with the requirements in CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17 or with those in ANSI C63.4. If your mouse didn't pass the test, this will usually be due to one of two possible reasons: Reason 1: An old browser. See discussion below. The short version is that you should try Chrome or Firefox (an up-to-date version, too) for this test to be able to identify all 5 buttons and the scroll wheel.

Optical Mouse Fcc Standard. 2.4ghz Wireless Optical Mouse Tested To Comply With Fcc Standards Ce For Home Or. Optical Mini Wireless Mouse Driver Mini.
Targus Optical Bluetooth Mouse FCC Statement Tested to Comply This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits of a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.

Designers in the computer industry seek not only to 'build the better mousetrap' but to build the best mouse. The computer mouse is an accessory to the personal computer that has become an essential part of operation of the computer. The small device fits neatly in the curve of the user's hand and enables the user, through very limited movements of the hand and fingers to 'point and click' instructions to the computer. A rolling ball on the underside of the mouse gives directions on where to move to the cursor (pointer) on the monitor or screen, and one to three buttons (depending on design) allow the user to say yes by clicking the buttons on the right instruction for the computer's next operation.

History

Dr. Douglas Engelbart, a professor with the Stanford Research Institute in Menlo Park, California, developed the first device that came to be known as the mouse in 1964. At that time, the arrow keys on the keyboard were the only way of moving the cursor around on a computer screen, and the keys were inefficient and awkward. Dr. Engelbart made a small, brick-like mechanism with one button on top and two wheels on the underside. The two wheels detected horizontal and vertical movement, and the unit was somewhat difficult to maneuver. The unit was linked to the computer by a cable so the motion signals could be electrically transmitted to the computer for viewing on the monitor. One of Dr. Engelbart's co-workers thought the device with its long cable tail looked something like a mouse, and the name stuck.

Other scientists, notably those at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), had also been seeking methods of moving cursors and pointing to objects on the computer screen. They tried steering wheels, knee switches, and light pens, but, in tests of these devices versus Engelbart's mouse, it was the mouse that roared. NASA's engineers were concerned, however, about the spacewalks the mouse would take from its work surface in the weightlessness of space.

By 1973, the wheels on the mouse's undercarriage had been replaced by a single, free-rolling ball; and two more buttons (for a total of three) had been added to the top. The creature was called both a mouse and a pointing device, and Xerox combined it with its Alto computer, one of the first personal computers. The Alto had a graphical user interface (GUI); that is, the user pointed to icons, or picture symbols, and lists of operations called menus and clicked on them to cause the computer to open a file, print, and perform other functions. This method of operating the computer was later adapted by Macintosh and Windows operating systems.

The development of the personal computer stimulated an explosion of applications for the device that was small enough to be used at a number of work stations. Engineers could develop computer-aided designs at their own desks, and the mouse was perfect for drawing and drafting. The mouse also began to generate offspring, collectively called input/output devices, such as the trackball, which is essentially a mouse lying on its back so the user can roll the ball instead of moving the entire unit over a surface. The military, air traffic controllers, and video game players now had a pet of their own. Mechanical sensors in both types of devices were replaced by optical-electronic sensor systems patented by Mouse Systems; these were more efficient and lower in cost. An optical mouse with no moving parts was developed for use on a special mouse pad with grid lines; light from inside the mouse illuminates the grid, a photodetector counts the number and orientation of the grid lines crossed, and the directional data are translated into cursor movements on screen.

The mouse began to multiply rapidly. Apple Computers introduced the Macintosh in 1984, and its operating system used a mouse. Other operating systems like Commodore's Amiga, Microsoft Windows, Visicorp's Vision, and many more incorporated graphical user interfaces and mice. Improvements were added to make sensors less prone to collecting dust, to make scrolling easier through an added wheel on the top, and to make the mouse cordless by using radio-frequency signals (borrowed from garage door openers) or infrared signals (adapted from television or remote controls).

Mouse Anatomy

Body

The mouse's 'skin' is the outer, hard plastic body that the user guides across a flat surface. It's 'tail' is the electrical cable leading out of one end of the mouse and finishing at the connection with the Central Processing Unit (CPU). At the tail end, one to three buttons are the external contacts to small electrical switches. The press of a button closes the switch with a click; electrically, the circuit is closed, and the computer has received a command.

On the underside of the mouse, a plastic hatch fits over a rubberized ball, exposing part of the ball. Inside, the ball is held in place by a support wheel and two shafts. As the ball rolls on a surface, one shaft turns with horizontal motion and the second responds to vertical motion. At one end of each of the two shafts, a spoked wheel also turns. As these spokes rotate, infrared light signals from a light-emitting diode (LED) flicker through the spokes and are intercepted by a light detector. The dark and light are translated by phototransistors into electrical pulses that go to the interface integrated circuit (IC) in the mouse. The pulses tell the IC that the ball has tracked left-right and up-down, and the IC instructs the cursor to move accordingly on the screen.

The interface integrated circuit is mounted on the printed circuit board (PCB) that is the skeleton to which all the internal workings of the mouse are attached. The integrated circuit, or computer chip, collects the information from the switches and the signals from the phototransistors and sends a data stream to the computer.

Brain

Each mouse design also has its own software called a driver. The driver is an external brain that enables the computer to understand the mouse's signals. The driver tells the computer how to interpret the mouse's IC data stream including speed, direction, and clicked commands. Some mouse drivers allow the user to assign specific actions to the buttons and to adjust the mouse's resolution (the relative distances the mouse and the cursor travel). Mice that are purchased as part of computer packages have the drivers built in or preprogrammed in the computers.

Raw Materials

The mouse's outer shell and most of its internal mechanical parts, including the shafts and spoked wheels, are made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic that is injection-molded. The ball is metal that is coated in rubber; it is made by a specialty supplier. The electrical micro-switches (made of plastic and metal) are also off-the-shelf items supplied by subcontractors although mouse designers can specify force requirements for the switches to make them easier or firmer to click. Integrated circuits or chips can be standard items, although each manufacturer may have proprietary chips made for use in its complete line of products. Electrical cables and overmolds (end connectors) are also supplied by outside sources.

The printed circuit board (PCB) on which the electrical and mechanical components are mounted is custom-made to suit the mouse design. It is a flat, resin-coated sheet. Electrical resistors, capacitors, oscillators, integrated circuits (ICs), and other components are made of various types of metal, plastic, and silicon.

Design

Design of a new mouse begins with meetings among a product development manager, designer, marketing representative, and consulting ergonomist (a specialist in human motion and the effects various movements have on body parts). A list of human factors guidelines is developed specifying size range of hands, touch sensitivity, amount of work, support of the hand in a neutral position, the user's posture while operating the mouse, finger extension required to reach the buttons, use by both left- and right-handed individuals, no prolonged static electricity, and other comfort and safety requirements; these can differ widely, depending on whether the mouse is to be used in offices or with home computers, for example. A design brief for the proposed mouse is written to describe the purpose of the product and what it achieves; a look is also proposed in keeping with the anticipated market.

The design team returns to the table with foam models; scores of different shapes may be made for a single mouse design. User testing is done on these models; the engineers may do this preliminary testing themselves, or they may employ focus groups as typical users or observe one-on-one testing with sample users. When the selection of models is narrowed down, wooden models that are more refined and are painted are made of the winning designs. Input is gathered again on the feel, shape, and look of the models; the ergonomist also reviews the likely designs and confirms that the human factors guidelines have been achieved.

When the optimal model is chosen, the engineering team begins to design the internal components. A three-dimensional rendering is computer-generated, and the same data are used to machine-cut the shapes of the exterior shell with all its details. The mechanical and electronics engineers fit the printed circuit board (and its electronics) and the encoder mechanism (the ball, shafts, wheels and LED source and detector) inside the structure. The process of fitting the workings to the shell is iterative; changes are made, and the design-and-fit process is repeated until the mouse meets its design objectives and the design team is pleased with the results. Custom chips are designed, produced on a trial basis, and tested; custom electronics will help the design meet performance objectives and give it unique, competitive, and marketable characteristics.

The completed design diagrams are turned over to the project tooler who begins the process of modifying machines to produce the mouse. Tooling diagrams are generated for injection-molding the shell, for example. The size, shape, volume of the cavity, the number of gates through which the plastic will be injected into the mold, and the flow of the plastic through the mold are all diagramed and studied. After the final tooling plan is reviewed, tools are cut using the computer-generated data. Sample plastic shells are made as 'try shots' to examine actual flow lines and confirm that voids aren't induced. Changes are made until the process is perfect. Texture is added to the external appearance of the shell by acid etching or by sand blasting.

In the meantime, the engineering team has set up the assembly line for the new mouse design and conducted trial assemblies. When the design details are finalized, tools have been produced, and test results have met the design team's objectives and standards, the mouse is ready for mass production.

Optical mouse tested to comply with fcc standards drivers

The Manufacturing
Process

To make the computer mouse, several manufacturing processes are performed simultaneously to make different pieces of the unit. These processes are described in the first three steps below. The pieces are then brought together for final assembly, as described in steps 4 through 7.

In one of the sets of manufacturing and assembling steps, the printed circuit board (PCB) is cut and prepared. It is a flat, resin-coated sheet that can be of surface-mount design or through-hole design. The surface-mount version is assembled almost entirely by machine. A computer-controlled automatic sequencer places the electrical components in the proper order onto the board in a prescribed pattern.
For through-hole PCB assembly, attachment wires of the electronic components are inserted in holes in the PCB. Each assembly line worker has a drawing for part of the board and specific units to add. After all the components are mounted on the board, the bottom surface of the board is passed through molten lead solder in a wave soldering machine. This machine washes the board with flux to remove contaminants, then heats the board and the components it carries by infrared heat to lessen the possibility of thermal shock. As the underside of the board flows over the completely smooth, thin liquid sheet of molten solder, the solder moves up each wire by capillary action, seals the perforations, and fixes the components in place. The soldered boards are cooled. The PCB is visually inspected at this stage, and imperfect boards are rejected before the encoder mechanism is attached.
The encoder mechanism (including the rubber-covered ball, the support wheel, both spoked wheels and their axles, the LED, and its detector) is assembled as a separate unit. The plastic parts were also manufactured by injection-molding in accordance with proprietary specifications and trimmed of scrap plastic. After the mechanism is assembled, the unit is fastened to the PCB using either clips or screws. The board is now completely assembled and is subjected to an electronics quality control test.
The mouse's tail—its electrical cable—has also been manufactured using a set of wires, shielding, and the rubber cover. The cable has two additional pieces of molded rubber called overmolds. These are strain relief devices that prevent the cable from detaching from the mouse or its connector plug if the cable is tugged. Mouse makers typically design their own shapes for overmolds. The near-mouse overmold is hooked to the housing, and, at the opposite end of the tail, the connector is soldered to the wires and the connector overmold is popped into place.
The pieces of the outer shell are visually inspected after molding, trimming, and surface (finish) treatment and prior to assembly. The outer shell is assembled in four steps. The completed PCB and encoder assembly is inserted into the bottom of the shell. The buttons are snapped into the top part of the housing, the cable is attached, and the top and bottom are screwed together using automated screwdrivers.
The final electronics and performance quality check is performed when assembly is essentially complete. Rubber or neoprene feet with adhesive sheeting pre-applied to one side are added to the underside of the mouse.
While the tooling designs and physical assembly described above have been in progress, a programming team has been developing, testing, and reproducing the mouse driver firmware. The firmware so-called because it lies in the realm between software and hardware consists of a combination of codes in the integrated circuit and the translation of the mouse's directional movements and micro-switch signals that the receiving computer needs to understand when the mouse is attached. When the driver has been developed, the manufacturer's own testers run it through rigorous trials, and both the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the European Commission (CE—an organization that governs radio emissions and electrostatic discharge) also approve the electronics. Approved driver data is encoded and mass-produced on diskettes.
The FCC requires that signaling or communications devices including the mouse bear labels identifying the company and certain product specifications. The labels are preprinted on durable paper with strong adhesive so they cannot easily be removed. A label is pasted on the mouse bottom, and the mouse is bagged in plastic. The device, its driver diskette, and an instruction booklet with registration and warrantee information are boxed and prepared for shipment and sale.

Quality Control

Use of computer-generated designs builds quality and time savings into the product. Data can be stored and modified quickly, so experiments with shapes, component layouts, and overall look can be attempted and iterative adjustments can be made. Computer-aided design data also speeds review of

Beneath the outer, hard plastic body that the user maneuvers across a mouse pad is a rubberized ball that turns as the mouse moves. The ball is held in place by a support wheel and two shafts. As it rolls, one shaft turns with horizontal motion and the second responds to vertical motion. At one end of each of the two shafts, a spoked wheel also turns. As these spokes rotate, infrared light signals from a light-emitting diode (LED) flicker through the spokes and are intercepted by a light detector. The dark and light are translated by phototransistors into electrical pulses that go to the interface integrated circuit (IC) in the mouse. The pulses tell the IC that the ball has tracked left-right and up-down, transmits the command through the cable to the Central Processing Unit (CPU), and instructs the cursor to move accordingly on the screen.

parts specifications, the tooling process, and design of assembly procedures so the opportunity for conflicts is small.

At least three quality control steps are performed during assembly. An electronics check is carried out on the PCB after its components are attached (and soldered into place if through-hole assembly methods are used) and before any of the plastic mechanism is attached. The plastic parts (the encoder mechanism and the outer shell) are visually inspected when they are complete but before they are connected to the board and electronics; this prevents disassembly or wasting electronics due to a defective shell, for example. Finally, the completely assembled device is subjected to another electronics and performance check; 100% of the mice manufactured by Kensington Technology Group are plugged into operating computers and tested before they are packaged. As noted above, both the FCC and CE regulate aspects of mouse operations, so they also test and approve driver data.

Byproducts/Waste

Computer mice makers do not generate byproducts from mouse manufacture, but most offer a range of similar devices for different applications. Compatible or interchangeable parts are incorporated in new designs or multiple designs whenever possible to avoid design, tooling, and assembly modification costs.

2.4 ghz wireless optical mouse tested to comply with fcc standards driver

Waste is minimal. The mouse's ABS plastic skin is highly recyclable and can be ground, molded, and reground many times. Other plastic and metal scrap is produced in minute quantities and can be recycled or disposed.

The Future

Devices that are modifications of mice are currently on the market. The Internet mouse inserts a scrolling wheel between the two buttons to make scrolling of web pages easier; a still more sophisticated version adds buttons that can be programmed by the user to perform Internet functions, like moving back or forward, returning to the home page, or starting a new search. One mouse version has returned to the floor where two foot pads or pedals replace the ball and buttons; one pedal is pushed to relocate the cursor and the second clicks. Cordless mice that communicate with radio signals are available, and the mouse has been disposed of altogether by the touchpad. The user runs a finger across the touchpad to reposition the cursor, and web pages can be scrolled and advanced by other, specific moves. Many of these adaptations are designed to eliminate repetitive stress ailments and save forearm strain.

The mouse's inventor, Dr. Engelbart, never believed the mouse would reach thirty-something or retain its nontechnical name. In fact, both the mouse and its trackball offspring are increasingly popular as shapes become more comfortable, less cleaning and maintenance are required, and reliability and longevity improve. Future developments in mice will follow the evolution of the Internet and include more options for programmability, such as switching hands to double the number of available functions. The mouse may become extinct someday, and the most likely candidate to replace it is a device that tracks the eye movement of the computer user and follows it with appropriate cursor motions and function signals.

Where to Learn More

Books

Ed., Time-Life Books. Input/Output: Understanding Computers. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1990.

Periodicals

Alexander, Howard. 'Behold the Lowly Mouse: Clever Technology Close at Hand.' New York Times (October 1, 1998): D9.

'The Mouse.' Newsweek (Winter 1997): 30.

Randall, Neil. PC Magazine (January 5, 1997): 217.

Terrell, Kenneth. 'A new clique of mice: designers turn the computer mouse on its head; some cut its tail.' U.S. News & World Report (March 23, 1998): 60+.

Other

Kensington Technology Group. http://www.kensington.com/ (June 7, 1999).

Logitech. http://www.logitech.com/ (June 7, 1999).

Microsoft Corporation. http://www.microsoft.com/ (June 7, 1999).

Issue 7
October 15, 2020
Gazette Notice No. SMSE-013-20

Expand all content / collapse all contentPDF

Preface

Interference-Causing Equipment Standard ICES-003, issue 7, Information Technology Equipment (including Digital Apparatus), replaces ICES-003, issue 6, Information Technology Equipment (Including Digital Apparatus) — Limits and Methods of Measurement, published in January 2016 and updated in April 2017 and in April 2019.

This issue of the ICES-003 standard will come into force upon its publication on the Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada (ISED) website. However, a transition period is provided, according to section 2.1, within which compliance with either issue 6 or issue 7 of ICES-003 is accepted.

Listed below are the changes:

changed title of the standard from Information Technology Equipment (Including Digital Apparatus) — Limits and Methods of Measurementto Information Technology Equipment (including Digital Apparatus)
added requirements for devices with wireless power transfer functionality (section 1.3)
removed requirements that are specified in ICES-Gen and referred to ICES-Gen for all general requirements (section 2.2)
removed the alternative limits (ICES-003 now has only one set of limits), while continuing to allow either the CISPR or ANSI test methods (section 3)

Inquiries may be submitted by one of the following methods:

Online, using the General Inquiry form (in the form, the Directorate of Regulatory Standards radio button should be selected and “ICES-003” should be specified in the General Inquiry field)
By mail to the following address:
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Engineering, Planning and Standards Branch
Attention: Regulatory Standards Directorate
235 Queen Street
Ottawa ON K1A 0H5
Canada
By email to ic.consultationradiostandards-consultationnormesradio.ic@canada.ca

Comments and suggestions for improving this standard may be submitted online using the Standard Change Request form, or by mail or email to the above addresses.

All spectrum and telecommunications related documents are available on ISED’s Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website.

Issued under the authority of
the Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry

Martin Proulx
Director General
Engineering, Planning and Standards Branch

1. Scope

This section defines the scope of this standard, including both the general scope as well as special considerations for specific equipment types.

1.1 General

This Interference-Causing Equipment Standard (ICES) sets out limits and methods of measurement of radio frequency emissions, as well as administrative requirements for information technology equipment (ITE), including digital apparatus. This includes devices or systems that generate and/or use timing signals or pulses having a rate of at least 9 kHz and employ digital techniques for purposes such as computation, display, control, data processing and storage.

1.2 External power supplies

This section defines the requirements specific to external power supplies.

1.2.1 Marketed in Canada

“Marketed” in Canada, as used in this standard, means any of the activities listed in subsection 4(3) of the Radiocommunication Act, i.e. manufacture, importation, distribution, lease, offering for sale or sale.

1.2.2 Marketed together with the ITE or digital apparatus

An external switched mode power supply, or external semiconductor power converter, that is marketed together with the ITE or digital apparatus for the purpose of providing power to that ITE or digital apparatus shall be tested together with the corresponding ITE or digital apparatus and the combination shall comply with the requirements specified in this standard. However, the external power supply/converter does not need to be labeled as specified in section 4.2 (the labelling requirement is normative for the ITE or digital apparatus itself, but optional for the external power supply/converter that is marketed together with that ITE or digital apparatus).

1.2.3 Marketed separately

An external switched mode power supply or external semiconductor power converter, that is marketed separately is under the scope of ICES-001, Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Equipment, and thus exempt from the scope of ICES-003. However, if such an external power supply/converter is intended exclusively for use with devices that are within the scope of this standard, it may be authorized under ICES-003 instead of ICES-001. In this case:

the external power supply/converter will be exempt from compliance with ICES-001 and
the external power supply/converter shall comply with all applicable requirements specified in this standard, including the labelling requirements in section 4.2

1.3 ITE or digital apparatus with wireless power transfer functionality

Products subject to this standard that include functionality for wireless power transfer shall meet the provisions and requirements of both this standard and RSS-216, Wireless Power Transfer Devices.

In particular, while the product is in its primary (main) operating mode, ICES-003 shall apply, and while in wireless power transfer mode (e.g. battery charging mode), RSS-216 shall apply. A reference to the corresponding RSS-216 report within the ICES-003 report will fulfil this requirement for the purpose of this standard.

The emissions from the wireless power transfer portion of the product under test shall not be considered when evaluating the compliance with the limits specified in ICES-003: see ICES-Gen, General Requirements for Compliance of Interference-Causing Equipment.

1.4 ITE or digital apparatus that incorporates radio modules

Products subject to this standard that include functionality for radiocommunication shall meet the provisions and requirements of both this standard and relevant Radio Standard Specifications (RSSs), as applicable to the specific radiocommunication technology. A reference to the corresponding RSS report within the ICES-003 report will fulfil this requirement for the purpose of this standard.

However, where the radio functionality is achieved by integrating an already certified radio module, there is no need for a reference to the corresponding RSS report. Instead, the ICES-003 report shall demonstrate the product’s compliance with the requirements applicable to the host of an already certified radio module, in accordance with Radio Standards Procedure RSP-100, Certification of Radio Apparatus and Broadcasting Equipment, and RSS-Gen, General Requirements for Compliance of Radio Apparatus. These requirements include compliance with RSS-102, Radio Frequency (RF) Exposure Compliance of Radiocommunication Apparatus (All Frequency Bands), for RF exposure, and specific labelling requirements for the host product.

The emissions from the radio transmitter shall not be considered when evaluating the compliance with the limits specified in ICES-003: see ICES-Gen.

1.5 Exemptions from the scope of ICES-003

This section defines the exemptions from the scope of ICES-003.

1.5.1 General exemptions

ICES-003 does not apply to the following types of equipment:

ITE or digital apparatus factory-installed in vehicles, boats or devices equipped with internal combustion engines, traction batteries or both (subject to ICES-002). ITE or digital apparatus not factory-installed in vehicles, boats or devices equipped with internal combustion engines, traction batteries or both do not qualify for this exemption. “Factory-installed” means that the ITE or digital apparatus is installed in the vehicle/boat/device at the factory, before the vehicle/boat/device is placed on the market. “Placed on the market” in Canada means any of the activities listed in subsection 4(3) of the Radiocommunication Act, i.e. manufacture, importation, distribution, lease, offering for sale or sale.
ITE or digital apparatus intended exclusively for use inside an aircraft.
ITE or digital apparatus used exclusively as an electronic control or power system either by a public utility, in a dedicated building/facility owned or leased by the utility and which is not the subscriber facility, or in an industrial plant/factory.
ITE or digital apparatus used exclusively as industrial, scientific or medical equipment (such equipment is subject to ICES-001).
ITE or digital apparatus intended exclusively for installation inside an appliance or electrical machinery that does not use radio-frequency (i.e. 9 kHz or greater) to perform its main function (e.g. dishwasher, clothes dryer or air conditioner, central or window), and where the ITE or digital apparatus directly controls the main function of the appliance or electrical machinery. Thus, the following types of ITE or digital apparatus do not qualify for this exemption and have to be compliant with all requirements stated in ICES-003:
- ITE or digital apparatus that is not contained within the appliance (e.g. an external thermostat for a furnace or air conditioner).
- ITE or digital apparatus that is contained within the appliance but is not directly related to its main function (e.g. electronic display screen on the outside of a refrigerator’s door, or digital payment and electronic display subassemblies of a vending machine).
ITE or digital apparatus that has a maximum power consumption of 6 nW.
Joystick controllers or similar devices, such as a mouse, used with ITE or digital apparatus but which contain only non-digital circuitry or a simple circuit to convert the signal to the format required. These are considered passive add-on devices.
ITE or digital apparatus in which both the highest frequency generated and the highest frequency used are less than 1.705 MHz and which neither operates from, nor contains provision for operation while directly or indirectly connected to the AC mains power network.
ITE or digital apparatus used exclusively in central office telephone equipment operated by a telecommunications common carrier in a central office.

1.5.2 Broadcasting equipment

Some categories of broadcasting equipment are subject to ISED’s broadcasting equipment technical standards (BETS). ITE or digital apparatus used exclusively inside broadcasting transmitter or receiver equipment is exempt from ICES-003 unless the ITE or digital apparatus can be used separately from the broadcasting function of that equipment. In the latter case, the ITE or digital apparatus does not qualify for this exemption and shall comply with ICES-003; however, in this case, the labelling requirements in section 4.2 are optional, while the labelling requirements of the corresponding BETS shall apply.

1.5.3 Multiunit and multifunction equipment

Multiunit ITE or digital apparatus, made of two or more devices, is only exempt from ICES-003 if all of its individual devices (components) qualify for exemption, in accordance with sections 1.5.1 and/or 1.5.2. Otherwise, the multiunit ITE or digital apparatus shall comply with the requirements specified in this standard. In the latter case, for testing the multiunit ITE or digital apparatus, all individual devices (components) that do not qualify for an exemption shall be configured, active and operated as in normal use.

Multifunction ITE or digital apparatus is only exempt from ICES-003 if all its functions qualify for exemption in accordance with sections 1.5.1 and/or 1.5.2.

2. General requirements and references

This section defines the general requirements related to this standard, including the transition period, compliance with ICES-Gen, and the list of normative references.

2.1 Transition period

A transition period of one year, ending on October 15, 2021, is provided, within which compliance with either issue 6 or issue 7 of ICES-003 is accepted. A copy of issue 6 of ICES-003 may be requested by email.

After the expiry of this transition period all products subject to this standard that continue to be manufactured, imported, distributed, leased, offered for sale, or sold in Canada shall comply with issue 7 of ICES-003.

2.2 ICES-Gen compliance

In addition to this standard, the requirements of ICES-Gen shall apply, except where a requirement in ICES-Gen contradicts a requirement in this standard, in which case this standard shall take precedence. However, where a requirement in one of the normative references specified in section 2.3 contradicts a requirement in ICES-Gen, then ICES-Gen shall take precedence (unless otherwise stated in this standard).

2.3 Normative references

This ICES refers to the following publications and, where such references are made, they shall be to the editions listed below. Where a requirement in one of the normative references contradicts a requirement in ICES-003, then ICES-003 shall take precedence.

Not all normative references necessarily apply to a specific product subject to ICES-003. Section 3 specifies the normative reference(s) that apply to the specific product under test.

CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17, Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission requirements (IEC CISPR 32:2015, MOD)
ANSI C63.4, American National Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio Noise Emission from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz

The CAN/CSA standard listed above can be purchased online.

The ANSI standard listed above can be purchased online. The edition of ANSI C63.4 adopted by ISED shall be used, as posted on the Normative Test Standards and Acceptable Alternate Procedures website.

3. Technical requirements

This section defines the technical requirements applicable to products subject to this standard.

3.1 Test facility, measurement instrumentation and measurement methods

The test facility, measurement instrumentation and measurement methods used for verifying the compliance of ITE or digital apparatus with ICES-003 shall comply either with the requirements in CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17 or with those in ANSI C63.4.

All the required measurements (as per this standard) on the ITE or digital apparatus under test shall be performed using only one of the two referenced specifications: either CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17 or ANSI C63.4. However, for outdoor units of home satellite receiving systems, regardless of which one of the two referenced specifications is used, the requirements in Annex H of CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17 shall be applied.

3.2 Limits

This section defines the limits applicable to products subject to this standard.

3.2.1 Conducted emission limits

The ITE or digital apparatus shall comply with the conducted emission limits specified in table 1 at its AC mains power terminals. The product under test shall comply with both the quasi-peak and the average limits.

Where the product under test is powered through an external device (for example, through an external power supply, or by means of a device providing power over Ethernet to the product under test), the conducted emission limits apply at the AC mains power terminals of the external device, while this is powering the product under test: see ICES-Gen.

Table 1: Conducted emissions limits
(AC mains power terminals)
Frequency range (MHz)	Class A Quasi-peak (dBμV)	Class A Average (dBμV)	Class B Quasi-peak (dBμV)	Class B Average (dBμV)
0.15 – 0.5	79	66	66 to 56^{Tablenote 1ai}	56 to 46^{Tablenote 1ai}
0.5 – 5	73	60	56	46
5 – 30	73	60	60	50

Note: The more stringent limit applies at transition frequencies.

The limit level in dBμV decreases linearly with the logarithm of frequency.

3.2.2 Radiated emission limits

The quasi-peak limits for the electric component of the radiated field strength emitted from ITE or digital apparatus, within 30 MHz to 1 GHz, for a measurement distance of 3 m or 10 m, are presented in table 2 .

Table 2: Radiated emissions limits
(30 MHz to 1 GHz)
Frequency range (MHz)	Class A (3 m) Quasi-peak (dBμV/m)	Class A (10 m) Quasi-peak (dBμV/m)	Class B (3 m) Quasi-peak (dBμV/m)	Class B (10 m) Quasi-peak (dBμV/m)
30 – 88	50.0	40.0	40.0	30.0
88 – 216	54.0	43.5	43.5	33.1
216 – 230	56.9	46.4	46.0	35.6
230 – 960	57.0	47.0	47.0	37.0
960 – 1000	60.0	49.5	54.0	43.5

Note: The more stringent limit applies at transition frequencies.

At and above 1 GHz, except for outdoor units of home satellite receiving systems, the ITE or digital apparatus shall comply with the limits specified in table 4 up to the frequency F_M, which shall be determined as per table 3 . The product under test shall comply with both the average and the peak limits.

Table 3: Required highest measurement frequency for radiated emissions
Highest internal frequency (F_X)^{Tablenote 2ai}	Highest measurement frequency (F_M)
F_X ≤ 108 MHz	1 GHz
108 MHz < F_X ≤ 500 MHz	2 GHz
500 MHz < F_X ≤ 1 GHz	5 GHz
F_X > 1 GHz	5 x F_X up to a maximum of 40 GHz

F_X is the highest fundamental frequency generated and/or used in the ITE or digital apparatus under test.

Table 4: Radiated emission limits at 3 m distance
(at and above 1 GHz)
Frequency range (GHz)^{Tablenote 3ai}	Class A^{Tablenote 4aii}^{Tablenote 5aiii}^{Tablenote 6aiv} Average dB(μV/m)	Class A^{Tablenote 4aii}^{Tablenote 5aiii}^{Tablenote 6aiv} Peak dB(μV/m)	Class B^{Tablenote 4aii}^{Tablenote 5aiii}^{Tablenote 6aiv} Average dB(μV/m)	Class B^{Tablenote 4aii}^{Tablenote 5aiii}^{Tablenote 6aiv} Peak dB(μV/m)
1 – F_M	60	80	54	74

The highest measurement frequency, F_M, in GHz, shall be determined as per table 3.

The measurement bandwidth shall be 1 MHz or greater.

iii

These limit levels apply for a measurement distance of 3 m. If using a different measurement distance, the measured levels shall be extrapolated to the 3 m limit distance using a factor of 20 dB per decade of distance. The measurement distance shall place the measurement antenna in the far field of the ITE or digital apparatus under test.

The test site shall have been validated at the distance used for radiated emission measurements on the ITE or digital apparatus under test.

At and above 1 GHz, if the ITE or digital apparatus is an outdoor unit of home satellite receiving systems, it shall comply with the limits in Table A.7 in clause A.2 of CAN/CSA-CISPR 32:17 (in Annex A therein). For these types of ITE or digital apparatus, the highest measurement frequency shall be 18 GHz.

4. Administrative requirements

This section defines the administrative requirements related to this standard, such as reporting and labelling requirements.

4.1 Test report